Neutralization
1.Neutralization
is a reaction between an acid and an alkali to form a salt and water.
2.Acid + alkali ® salt + water
3.In this
reaction, the acidity of an acid is neutralized by an alkali and the alkalinity
of an alkali and the alkalinity of the alkaline is neutralized by an acid.
4.The ionic
equation for neutralization is always H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ® H2O (l) regardless of the acids and
alkalis used.
5.Examples of
neutralization reactions:
2NaOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) ® Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
Ca(OH)2 (aq) + HCl (aq) ® CaCl 2 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
Applications of
neutralization in daily life
1.Magnesium hydroxide in toothpaste, which is an alkaline,
neutralizes the acid produced by
the food decaying in mouth.
2.Hair conditioner is a mild acid, which neutralizes the alkali
in the shampoo.
3.Calamine lotion, which contains zinc carbonate, is used to
treat bee stings by neutralizing the
bee sting (an acid).
4. Vinegar is used to treat wasp stings (an
alkali) by neutralizing the alkali.
5. Quicklime (calcium oxide) is used to
neutralize acidic factory effluents and gases before
discharging them.
6. Quicklime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime
(calcium hydroxide) is used to neutralize acidic soil.
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